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FDA “Natural” Food Labeling

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On November 12, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) announced that it is soliciting public comments on how the Agency should define the term “natural” and regulate its use in food labeling. The FDA has engaged the public’s input after receiving two Citizen Petitions requesting the agency take action on establishing a formal definition of the term “natural” for use in food labeling and one requesting asking that the agency prohibits the use of the term “natural” on food labels. The FDA also notes that this recent move is driven by recent private litigation surrounding the term “natural” in…
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FDA Bans Trans Fats

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FDA Issues Final Determination Concerning Partially Hydrogenated Oils The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has long reacted to the public concern over trans fatty acids (also known as TFA or trans fats) found in foods as a part of Partially Hydrogenated Oils (PHOs).  FDA recently issued its final decision on how it would categorize PHOs.  Following through on an effort the FDA began in 2013, the categorization of PHOs officially changed to not generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food, effectively banning trans fats.  This change in categorization now puts PHOs under the regulations that govern food…
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Overview of FDA’s Final Menu and Vending Labeling Rules

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Menu and Vending Labeling Rules On November 25, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) finalized two rules requiring that calorie counts be listed on menus and menu boards in certain restaurants and vending machines (menu and vending labeling rules). The full text of the menu and vending labeling rules can be found here. The menu labeling rule applies to restaurants if they are part of a chain of 20 or more locations, doing business under the same name, and offering more or less the same menu items. The 1990 Nutrition Labeling and Education Act established nutrition labeling on…
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FDA HACCP Enforcement Sandwiches Food Company between a Rock and a Hard Place

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On November 21, 2014, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) filed for a permanent injunction in the Eastern District of Michigan against Scotty’s Incorporated, a manufacturer of ready-to-eat sandwiches. The FDA alleges that Scotty’s violated the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) food safety management system, which according to FDA must be followed under federal law. Scotty’s had previously received a Warning Letter in 2009 for failing to have adequate processes and controls in place to minimize the risk of contamination and for failing to have a written HACCP plan for the tuna salad sandwiches prepared at the…
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FDA Food Allergen Labeling

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When consumers with food allergies are purchasing food products, they normally examine the food labels to make sure a product does not contain any ingredients that would cause them to have an adverse reaction. Milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, nuts, wheat, peanuts, and soybeans are all common ingredients considered “major food allergens” that can potentially cause life-threatening consequences for consumers with allergies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration notes that each year in the United States, food allergies cause 30,000 visits to the emergency room, 2,000 hospitalizations, and 150 deaths. Because of these health concerns, food allergen labeling has emerged as…
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FDA Imports: Foods and Cosmetics

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Do you ever wonder how your favorite exotic cheese, foreign cookies, or champagne make it to the United States? As it turns out, importing food and cosmetics into the United States is not as simple as putting it in boxes and shipping it to the supermarket or local drug store. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is guided by a comprehensive statutory scheme that governs food and cosmetics produced in foreign countries and imported into the United States. Understanding the issues surrounding FDA imports, including how the importation of foods and cosmetics are affected by federal regulations, is important…
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FDA Releases Proposed Rules under FSMA

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On September 19, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released revisions to four proposed rules, opening them up for public comment. When these four rules are finalized in 2015, they will implement portions of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) of 2011. The four new rules open for public comment set guidelines for the following food safety issues: Enhanced produce safety Preventative controls for human food Best practices and guidelines for animal food The foreign supplier verification program The FDA is looking towards shifting its focus under the FSMA from after-the-fact responses, or a reactionary approach, to…
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FDA Inches Closer to New Nutrition Facts Panel Rules

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On August 1, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) closed its comment period for a proposed rule that would make significant changes to food labeling requirements, particularly nutrition facts panels. Per the Administrative Procedure Act, the FDA is currently reviewing the 264,723 comments that it received regarding the proposed rule and changes to nutrition facts panels that appear on all FDA-regulated food products. The proposed rule can be found here. As soon as the rule is finalized, it will be implemented in sixty (60) days’ time. For existing products, manufacturers will have two (2) years to comply with…
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Permanent Injunction Sought after Cheese Manufacturer Fails to Respond to FDA Warning Letter

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On August 8, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") filed a Complaint for Permanent Injunction against a Michigan Cheese Manufacturer and its owners under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 21 U.S.C. § 332. The FDA seeks to prevent S. Serra Cheese Company, based in Clinton Township, Michigan from receiving, preparing, processing, packing, holding, or distributing food until they meet FDA requirements. The Complaint for Permanent Injunction comes as a result of inspectional observations and the Company’s failure to take prompt action when notified of these observations. In particular, FDA inspected the manufacturing facility in 2013 and…
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FDA Publishes Food Allergen Labeling Guidelines

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On May 8, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published its "Draft Guidance for Industry: Food Allergen Labeling Exemption Petitions and Notifications." The draft guidance represents current thinking on the topic as previously discussed through the release of the October 2006 "Guidance for Industry: Questions and Answers Regarding Food Allergens, including the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (Edition 4); Final Guidance." The guidance provides the FDA's answers to commonly asked questions concerning the notification process for those seeking exemptions from the labeling of food allergens and updates the responses in the 2006 document. You…
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